Wots the figures of speech, voc and grammatical organisation patterns!?

William Shakespeare - Sonnet 18

Shall I Compare Thee To A Summer's Day?



Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? a

Thou art more lovely and more temperate: b

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, a

And summer's lease hath all too short a date: b



Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c

And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; d

And every fair from fair sometime declines, c

By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd; d



But thy eternal summer shall not fade e

Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; f

Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, e

When in eternal lines to time thou growest: f



So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, g

So long lives this and this gives life to thee. g





Oscar Wilde's novel the Picture of Dorian Gray, Chapter 1 – ‘the studio was filled with the rich odour of roses’.



The studio was filled with the rich odour of roses, and when the light summer wind stirred amidst the trees of the garden, there came through the open door the heavy scent of the lilac, or the more delicate perfume of the pink-flowering thorn.



From the corner of the divan of Persian saddle-bags on which he was lying, smoking, as was his custom, innumerable cigarettes, Lord Henry Wotton could just catch the gleam of the honey-sweet and honey-coloured blossoms of a laburnum, whose tremulous branches seemed hardly able to bear the burden of a beauty so flame like as theirs; and now and then the fantastic shadows of birds in flight flitted across the long tussore-silk curtains that were stretched in front of the huge window, producing a kind of momentary Japanese effect, and making him think of those pallid, jade-faced painters of Tokyo who, through the medium of an art that is necessarily immobile, seek to convey the sense of swiftness and motion. The sullen murmur of the bees shouldering their way through the long unmown grass, or circling with monotonous insistence round the dusty gilt horns of the straggling woodbine, seemed to make the stillness more oppressive. The dim roar of London was like the bourdon note of a distant organ.



In the centre of the room, clamped to an upright easel, stood the full-length portrait of a young man of extraordinary personal beauty, and in front of it, some little distance away, was sitting the artist himself, Basil Hallward, whose sudden disappearance some years ago caused, at the time, such public excitement and gave rise to so many strange conjectures.

Wots the figures of speech, voc and grammatical organisation patterns!?
A figure of speech, is the manner with which you express something to be viewed in the mind, I think this is what you are asking ?

Voc (vocabulary) is to know the meaning of nouns, and grammar is to write words according to the rules and the way you wants them to appear.

But I am not sure that this is what you are asking.

It's not clear.